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RVP - Radar Video Processor

A family of solutions for primary radar video distribution, plot extraction and target tracking

RVP - Radar Video Processor - is Curtiss-Wright Controls Embedded Computings' family of high-performance radar acquisition, tracking and distribution servers that are designed to address a broad range of radar processing requirements from network radar video servers to ruggedized naval tracking solutions. RVP servers are designed to work with Curtiss-Wrights' extensive range of radar client solutions for video and track display. Alternatively they may be used in standalone configurations providing, for example, radar plot extraction and tracking data into an existing display or fusion system.

Curtiss-Wright has a unique range of capabilities in the field of radar acquisition, display, distribution and tracking, and has successful installations world-wide in a diverse range of market sectors. These include air traffic control, vessel traffic systems, aircraft ground-movement, coastal surveillance and naval tracking systems. Representing the latest generation of product offering, RVP builds on expertise in over 15 years of radar tracking installations, and exploits the latest advances in networking and high-performance processing to provide highly cost-effective COTS solutions to radar distribution and tracking requirements.
RVP Capabilities

The RVP product family spans a range of capabilities from radar video servers through to full auto-tracking solutions for naval, air traffic control and vessel traffic applications. Based on proven solutions for radar acquisition and processing, RVP builds on our experience in offering integrated and OEM-level solutions that meet demanding requirements. Modular software design and open-systems hardware allows a rich set of capabilities to be provided in a compact and cost-effective form-factor built on standard COTS hardware platforms.

At the heart of RVP is a set of integrated software modules that provide radar processing capabilities. These software modules are designed to work on industry-standard operating systems and computing platforms, ensuring that systems can be upgraded and maintained over their operating life. RVP software modules provide the following capabilities:

  • Radar video acquisition, from analogue or digital signals
  • Clutter processing
  • Cell averaging CFAR
  • Radar video distribution on LAN
  • Radar video recording on local disk
  • Plot extraction
  • Automatic target acquisition
  • Target tracking
  • Radar video PPI display engineering and control interface
  • Network control

RVP Application Example

RVP Tracker Architecture

RVP Radar Acquisition
RVP receives radar video from our radar input card, for example Virgo for PCI bus and Osprey for PMC. Radar turning signals and analogue or digital video is received by the radar input card and processed to generate integrated digital data for subsequent analysis. An extensive range of radar input types are supported, including ACP/ARP, syncho, RADDS, ASDE-3 and various parallel and serial azimuth formats.

RVP Radar Processing
Radar video is processed to fit in a range-azimuth polar-store, which is a programmable size, for example 4k range cells by 2k azimuths. Radar returns are correlated or expanded in range and azimuth to fill the programmed polar-store size. RVP processes the polar-format radar video to build up a clutter map as a time averaged version of the input data - a process that may subsequently be used to implement moving target detection. A programmed area-of-interest mask may be used to limit RVP processing to selected areas of the radar coverage. A moving window cell-averaging CFAR is used to construct a threshold function for subsequent plot extraction.

RVP Radar Video Compression
The RVP Radar Video Compression module is able to code and compress polar-format radar video in real-time using the RACE compression scheme. Once coded, the video may be distributed on the network or stored on a local hard disk. The RACE coding scheme is a proprietary variable-length coder that is specifically designed to encode radar video for distribution on a network. The coding scheme has the benefit of being particularly efficient to decode on the client workstation for display purposes. In addition, since it is the polar-format data that is being coded, each of the display workstations is able to reconstruct its own independent view of the radar data.
RVP Radar Video Distribution

The RVP Video Distribution module accepts the RACE coded polar-format radar video and distributes it across a network. Standard IP protocols are used to package the coded video for delivery to single (unicast) or multiple (multicast) workstations. It is significant that the network bandwidth utilised by the distribution depends only on the radar video and the selected compression ratio and not on the number of connected workstations.

RVP Radar Recording
Radar video that is encoded with the RACE compression scheme may be stored on a local disk, in data files that may subsequently be replayed back through the front-end of RVP for processing. The recording and replay process may be done through the RVP graphical user interface, or else remotely through the RVP network command interface. The capability to record radar video is a licensed software option, which may not be available with all combinations of hardware and software.

RVP Plot Extraction
The RVP Plot Extraction module processes radar video in a defined area-of-interest to identify candidate targets. The area-of-interest may be set in polar or Cartesian coordinates and plots are extracted as areas of connected video that exceed a local threshold. Once extracted, the plots are characterised by their position, size, weight and time-stamp. Plot data may then be distributed on the network to a remote tracker or fusion system, or may be passed directly to the RVP Tracker process.

RVP Tracking
The RVP Tracking module is designed to accept plots from the RVP Plot Extractor or from a separate plot extractor. These plots are used to update a database of targets of interest, in addition to generating new tracks through a process of Automatic Track Initiation (ATI).

Tracks are created either through manual initiation from an external system, or through automatic initiation from the tracker itself, and are maintained in an active track database. Each rotation of the radar creates a new set of plot data which is used to update entries in the database and estimate filtered position, speed and accelerations of the target. Typically there are far more plots generated than targets maintained, so one responsibility of the RVP Tracking module is to select the appropriate plots to match with the entries in the track database. Plots that remain after this matching process are potentially new targets, and may be initiated as new tracks if they pass acceptance rules on their motion. Updated track data is reported on the network in the form of a track report.

RVP Local Display
All configurations of RVP provide a graphical user-interface to configure and maintain the server. The user-interface provides a full set of tools for visualisation of the primary radar video, plots and track data, in addition to supporting the display of ancillary information, such as maps and range rings. A maintenance operator interacts with RVP graphical user-interface using a keyboard and mouse. The display hardware and software to support the display are integral to any RVP system configuration. Only an external monitor is necessary and this may be disconnected when the display is not required.
RVP Remote Control Interface

The RVP Remote Control Interface supports network-based control of an RVP system. A complete command interpreter is provided to allow full remote control of all aspects of the operation of the system, including distribution, plot extraction, tracking and radar recording, according to the installed options. The control protocol is based on simple ASCII command strings, which are packaged into UDP datagrams according to our standard message-passing protocol. It is straightforward to write software to send commands to RVP and sample code is provided with the RVP release to show how to do this from Unix or Windows-based clients.

RVP Systems Configurations
RVP software modules are built into RVP system configurations, which represent an integration of software modules with an appropriate computing platform and set of radar acquisition and display hardware. These system configurations are broadly classified as RVP Video Server, RVP Plot Extractor and RVP Tracker.

For each of these baseline configurations, options exist for both packaging and functional enhancements to provide additional capabilities for radar video recording and display.

RVP Custom Applications
Although most RVP configurations are supplied as system or board-level solutions using licensed RVP modules, the internal design of the software offers more flexibility for building custom solutions using the RVP software libraries as a starting point. The internal design of the RVP libraries offers the acquisition, distribution and processing capabilities of the software to an application program. CWCEC's custom engineering group is able to design and implement RVP solutions to unique requirements in radar video processing.